Carbon Compounds
Carbon Compounds
Carbon is a chemical
element with symbol C and atomic number is 6. It is a non-metallic and tetravalent
(Making four electron available to form covalent chemical bond). It belong to
group 14 and period second in periodic table.
Q1) Fill in the blanks
1) The organic compound having double or triple
bond in them are termed as unsaturated.
2) Hydrocarbons are known as parent organic compound.
3) Covalent
compounds are generally soluble in organic solvent.
4) Triple bond can be obtained by sharing three
pairs or six electron.
5) Hydrocarbons necessary contain hydrogen
and carbon.
Q2) Write short notes on
1) Catenation 2) Functional group 3) Homologous series 4) Covalent bond
1) Catenation :-
a) The properties of direct bonding between atoms
of the element to form chain is called catenation.
b) Carbon atom possess an unusual capability of
bonding to other carbon atoms.
c) Because of this feature carbon atom are capable
of forming large number of compound.
d) Carbons can link with other carbon atoms to
form straight chains or branched chain or rings of different shapes and sizes.
2) Functional group
a) The atom or group of atoms present in the molecule
which determines characteristic property of organic compound is called
functional group.
b) All organic compounds are considered as
derivatives of hydrocarbons it is formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atom
in a molecules by some other atom
3) Homologous series
a) Organic compounds having same general molecular
formula similar structure with similar chemical properties are placed together in
the same series are called homolog and series of such similar compound is
called homologous series.
b) The formula of each homolog differs by CH2 group.
c) The molecular mass of every two adjacent members
differ by 14.
4) Covalent bond
a) The chemical bond formed by sharing of two
valence electron between two atoms is called covalent bond.
b) Example methane is formed by covalent bond.
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